nanomatch

Fast, minimal glob matcher for node.js. Similar to micromatch, minimatch and multimatch, but complete Bash 4.3 wildcard support only (no support for exglobs, posix brackets or braces)

Please consider following this project's author, Jon Schlinkert, and consider starring the project to show your ❤️ and support.

Table of Contents

Install

Install with npm:

$ npm install --save nanomatch

What is nanomatch?

Nanomatch is a fast and accurate glob matcher with full support for standard Bash glob features, including the following "metacharacters": *, **, ? and [...].

Learn more

• Getting started: learn how to install and begin using nanomatch
• Features: jump to info about supported patterns, and a glob matching reference
• API documentation: jump to available options and methods
• Unit tests: visit unit tests. there is no better way to learn a code library than spending time the unit tests. Nanomatch has 36,000 unit tests - go become a glob matching ninja!

Getting started

Installing nanomatch

Install with yarn

$ yarn add nanomatch

Install with npm

$ npm install nanomatch

Usage

Add nanomatch to your project using node's require() system:

var nanomatch = require('nanomatch');
 
// the main export is a function that takes an array of strings to match
// and a string or array of patterns to use for matching
nanomatch(list, patterns[, options]);

Params

• list {String|Array}: List of strings to perform matches against. This is often a list of file paths.
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob paterns to use for matching.
• options {Object}: Any supported options may be passed

Examples

var nm = require('nanomatch');
console.log(nm(['a', 'b/b', 'c/c/c'], '*'));
//=> ['a']
 
console.log(nm(['a', 'b/b', 'c/c/c'], '*/*'));
//=> ['b/b']
 
console.log(nm(['a', 'b/b', 'c/c/c'], '**'));
//=> ['a', 'b/b', 'c/c/c']

See the API documentation for available methods and options.

Documentation

Escaping

Backslashes and quotes can be used to escape characters, forcing nanomatch to regard those characters as a literal characters.

Backslashes

Use backslashes to escape single characters. For example, the following pattern would match foo/*/bar exactly:

'foo/\*/bar'

The following pattern would match foo/ followed by a literal *, followed by zero or more of any characters besides /, followed by /bar.

'foo/\**/bar'

Quoted strings

Use single or double quotes to escape sequences of characters. For example, the following patterns would match foo/**/bar exactly:

'foo/"**"/bar'
'foo/\'**\'/bar'
"foo/'**'/bar"

Matching literal quotes

If you need to match quotes literally, you can escape them as well. For example, the following will match foo/"*"/bar, foo/"a"/bar, foo/"b"/bar, or foo/"c"/bar:

'foo/\\"*\\"/bar'

And the following will match foo/'*'/bar, foo/'a'/bar, foo/'b'/bar, or foo/'c'/bar:

'foo/\\\'*\\\'/bar'

API

nanomatch

The main function takes a list of strings and one or more glob patterns to use for matching.

Params

• list {Array}: A list of strings to match
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob patterns to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Array}: Returns an array of matches

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm(list, patterns[, options]);
 
console.log(nm(['a.js', 'a.txt'], ['*.js']));
//=> [ 'a.js' ]

.match

Similar to the main function, but pattern must be a string.

Params

• list {Array}: Array of strings to match
• pattern {String}: Glob pattern to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Array}: Returns an array of matches

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.match(list, pattern[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.match(['a.a', 'a.aa', 'a.b', 'a.c'], '*.a'));
//=> ['a.a', 'a.aa']

.isMatch

Returns true if the specified string matches the given glob pattern.

Params

• string {String}: String to match
• pattern {String}: Glob pattern to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Boolean}: Returns true if the string matches the glob pattern.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.isMatch(string, pattern[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.isMatch('a.a', '*.a'));
//=> true
console.log(nm.isMatch('a.b', '*.a'));
//=> false

.some

Returns true if some of the elements in the given list match any of the given glob patterns.

Params

• list {String|Array}: The string or array of strings to test. Returns as soon as the first match is found.
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob patterns to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Boolean}: Returns true if any patterns match str

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.some(list, patterns[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.some(['foo.js', 'bar.js'], ['*.js', '!foo.js']));
// true
console.log(nm.some(['foo.js'], ['*.js', '!foo.js']));
// false

.every

Returns true if every element in the given list matches at least one of the given glob patterns.

Params

• list {String|Array}: The string or array of strings to test.
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob patterns to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Boolean}: Returns true if any patterns match str

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.every(list, patterns[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.every('foo.js', ['foo.js']));
// true
console.log(nm.every(['foo.js', 'bar.js'], ['*.js']));
// true
console.log(nm.every(['foo.js', 'bar.js'], ['*.js', '!foo.js']));
// false
console.log(nm.every(['foo.js'], ['*.js', '!foo.js']));
// false

.any

Returns true if any of the given glob patterns match the specified string.

Params

• str {String|Array}: The string to test.
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob patterns to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Boolean}: Returns true if any patterns match str

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.any(string, patterns[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.any('a.a', ['b.*', '*.a']));
//=> true
console.log(nm.any('a.a', 'b.*'));
//=> false

.all

Returns true if all of the given patterns match the specified string.

Params

• str {String|Array}: The string to test.
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob patterns to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Boolean}: Returns true if any patterns match str

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.all(string, patterns[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.all('foo.js', ['foo.js']));
// true
 
console.log(nm.all('foo.js', ['*.js', '!foo.js']));
// false
 
console.log(nm.all('foo.js', ['*.js', 'foo.js']));
// true
 
console.log(nm.all('foo.js', ['*.js', 'f*', '*o*', '*o.js']));
// true

.not

Returns a list of strings that do not match any of the given patterns.

Params

• list {Array}: Array of strings to match.
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob pattern to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Array}: Returns an array of strings that do not match the given patterns.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.not(list, patterns[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.not(['a.a', 'b.b', 'c.c'], '*.a'));
//=> ['b.b', 'c.c']

.contains

Returns true if the given string contains the given pattern. Similar to .isMatch but the pattern can match any part of the string.

Params

• str {String}: The string to match.
• patterns {String|Array}: Glob pattern to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Boolean}: Returns true if the patter matches any part of str.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.contains(string, pattern[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.contains('aa/bb/cc', '*b'));
//=> true
console.log(nm.contains('aa/bb/cc', '*d'));
//=> false

.matchKeys

Filter the keys of the given object with the given glob pattern and options. Does not attempt to match nested keys. If you need this feature, use glob-object instead.

Params

• object {Object}: The object with keys to filter.
• patterns {String|Array}: One or more glob patterns to use for matching.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Object}: Returns an object with only keys that match the given patterns.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.matchKeys(object, patterns[, options]);
 
var obj = { aa: 'a', ab: 'b', ac: 'c' };
console.log(nm.matchKeys(obj, '*b'));
//=> { ab: 'b' }

.matcher

Returns a memoized matcher function from the given glob pattern and options. The returned function takes a string to match as its only argument and returns true if the string is a match.

Params

• pattern {String}: Glob pattern
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed.
• returns {Function}: Returns a matcher function.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.matcher(pattern[, options]);
 
var isMatch = nm.matcher('*.!(*a)');
console.log(isMatch('a.a'));
//=> false
console.log(isMatch('a.b'));
//=> true

.capture

Returns an array of matches captured by pattern in string, ornull` if the pattern did not match.

Params

• pattern {String}: Glob pattern to use for matching.
• string {String}: String to match
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed
• returns {Boolean}: Returns an array of captures if the string matches the glob pattern, otherwise null.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.capture(pattern, string[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.capture('test/*.js', 'test/foo.js'));
//=> ['foo']
console.log(nm.capture('test/*.js', 'foo/bar.css'));
//=> null

.makeRe

Create a regular expression from the given glob pattern.

Params

• pattern {String}: A glob pattern to convert to regex.
• options {Object}: See available options for changing how matches are performed.
• returns {RegExp}: Returns a regex created from the given pattern.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.makeRe(pattern[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.makeRe('*.js'));
//=> /^(?:(\.[\\\/])?(?!\.)(?=.)[^\/]*?\.js)$/

.create

Parses the given glob pattern and returns an object with the compiled output and optional source map.

Params

• pattern {String}: Glob pattern to parse and compile.
• options {Object}: Any options to change how parsing and compiling is performed.
• returns {Object}: Returns an object with the parsed AST, compiled string and optional source map.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.create(pattern[, options]);
 
console.log(nm.create('abc/*.js'));
// { options: { source: 'string', sourcemap: true },
//   state: {},
//   compilers:
//    { ... },
//   output: '(\\.[\\\\\\/])?abc\\/(?!\\.)(?=.)[^\\/]*?\\.js',
//   ast:
//    { type: 'root',
//      errors: [],
//      nodes:
//       [ ... ],
//      dot: false,
//      input: 'abc/*.js' },
//   parsingErrors: [],
//   map:
//    { version: 3,
//      sources: [ 'string' ],
//      names: [],
//      mappings: 'AAAA,GAAG,EAAC,kBAAC,EAAC,EAAE',
//      sourcesContent: [ 'abc/*.js' ] },
//   position: { line: 1, column: 28 },
//   content: {},
//   files: {},
//   idx: 6 }

.parse

Parse the given str with the given options.

Params

• str {String}
• options {Object}
• returns {Object}: Returns an AST

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.parse(pattern[, options]);
 
var ast = nm.parse('a/{b,c}/d');
console.log(ast);
// { type: 'root',
//   errors: [],
//   input: 'a/{b,c}/d',
//   nodes:
//    [ { type: 'bos', val: '' },
//      { type: 'text', val: 'a/' },
//      { type: 'brace',
//        nodes:
//         [ { type: 'brace.open', val: '{' },
//           { type: 'text', val: 'b,c' },
//           { type: 'brace.close', val: '}' } ] },
//      { type: 'text', val: '/d' },
//      { type: 'eos', val: '' } ] }

.compile

Compile the given ast or string with the given options.

Params

• ast {Object|String}
• options {Object}
• returns {Object}: Returns an object that has an output property with the compiled string.

Example

var nm = require('nanomatch');
nm.compile(ast[, options]);
 
var ast = nm.parse('a/{b,c}/d');
console.log(nm.compile(ast));
// { options: { source: 'string' },
//   state: {},
//   compilers:
//    { eos: [Function],
//      noop: [Function],
//      bos: [Function],
//      brace: [Function],
//      'brace.open': [Function],
//      text: [Function],
//      'brace.close': [Function] },
//   output: [ 'a/(b|c)/d' ],
//   ast:
//    { ... },
//   parsingErrors: [] }

.clearCache

Clear the regex cache.

Example

nm.clearCache();

Options

nm(['a/b.js', 'a/c.md'], '*.js');
//=> []
 
nm(['a/b.js', 'a/c.md'], '*.js', {matchBase: true});
//=> ['a/b.js']

var files = ['abc', 'ajz'];
console.log(nm(files, '[a-c]*'));
//=> ['abc', 'ajz']
 
console.log(nm(files, '[a-c]*', {bash: false}));

nm.match(['a/b/c', 'a/b/c'], '**');
//=> ['abc']
 
nm.match(['a/b/c', 'a/b/c'], '**', {nodupes: false});
//=> ['a/b/c', 'a/b/c']

nm(['a/b', 'a/b/c', 'a/b/c/d'], 'a/**');
//=> ['a/b', 'a/b/c', 'a/b/c/d']
 
nm(['a/b', 'a/b/c', 'a/b/c/d'], 'a/**', {noglobstar: true});
//=> ['a/b']

var nm = require('nanomatch');
 
var res = nm.create('abc/*.js', {sourcemap: true});
console.log(res.map);
// { version: 3,
//   sources: [ 'string' ],
//   names: [],
//   mappings: 'AAAA,GAAG,EAAC,iBAAC,EAAC,EAAE',
//   sourcesContent: [ 'abc/*.js' ] }
 
var ast = nm.parse('abc/**/*.js');
var res = nm.compile(ast, {sourcemap: true});
console.log(res.map);
// { version: 3,
//   sources: [ 'string' ],
//   names: [],
//   mappings: 'AAAA,GAAG,EAAC,2BAAE,EAAC,iBAAC,EAAC,EAAE',
//   sourcesContent: [ 'abc/**/*.js' ] }

nm.match(['abc', 'a\\*c'], 'a\\*c');
//=> ['a\\*c']
 
nm.match(['abc', 'a\\*c'], 'a\\*c', {unescape: true});
//=> ['a*c']

nm.match(['a\\b\\c'], 'a/**');
//=> ['a/b/c']
 
nm.match(['a\\b\\c'], {unixify: false});
//=> ['a\\b\\c']

Features

Nanomatch has full support for standard Bash glob features, including the following "metacharacters": *, **, ? and [...].

Here are some examples of how they work:

The exceptions noted for * apply to all patterns that contain a *.

Not supported

The following extended-globbing features are not supported:

• brace expansion (e.g. {a,b,c})
• extglobs (e.g. @(a|!(c|d)))
• POSIX brackets (e.g. [[:alpha:][:digit:]])

If you need any of these features consider using micromatch instead.

Bash expansion libs

Nanomatch is part of a suite of libraries aimed at bringing the power and expressiveness of Bash's matching and expansion capabilities to JavaScript, and - as you can see by the benchmarks - without sacrificing speed.

There are many resources available on the web if you want to dive deeper into how these features work in Bash.

Benchmarks

Running benchmarks

Install dev dependencies:

npm i -d && node benchmark

Nanomatch vs. Minimatch vs. Multimatch

# globstar-basic (182 bytes) 
  minimatch x 69,512 ops/sec ±1.92% (88 runs sampled)
  multimatch x 63,376 ops/sec ±1.41% (89 runs sampled)
  nanomatch x 432,451 ops/sec ±0.92% (88 runs sampled)
 
  fastest is nanomatch (by 651% avg)
 
# large-list-globstar (485686 bytes) 
  minimatch x 34.02 ops/sec ±1.42% (59 runs sampled)
  multimatch x 33.58 ops/sec ±1.97% (58 runs sampled)
  nanomatch x 483 ops/sec ±1.06% (86 runs sampled)
 
  fastest is nanomatch (by 1429% avg)
 
# long-list-globstar (194085 bytes) 
  minimatch x 383 ops/sec ±0.74% (90 runs sampled)
  multimatch x 378 ops/sec ±0.59% (89 runs sampled)
  nanomatch x 990 ops/sec ±1.14% (85 runs sampled)
 
  fastest is nanomatch (by 260% avg)
 
# negation-basic (132 bytes) 
  minimatch x 242,145 ops/sec ±1.17% (89 runs sampled)
  multimatch x 76,403 ops/sec ±0.78% (92 runs sampled)
  nanomatch x 537,253 ops/sec ±1.44% (86 runs sampled)
 
  fastest is nanomatch (by 337% avg)
 
# not-glob-basic (93 bytes) 
  minimatch x 252,402 ops/sec ±1.33% (89 runs sampled)
  multimatch x 209,954 ops/sec ±1.30% (90 runs sampled)
  nanomatch x 1,716,468 ops/sec ±1.13% (86 runs sampled)
 
  fastest is nanomatch (by 742% avg)
 
# star-basic (93 bytes) 
  minimatch x 182,780 ops/sec ±1.41% (91 runs sampled)
  multimatch x 153,210 ops/sec ±0.72% (89 runs sampled)
  nanomatch x 599,621 ops/sec ±1.22% (90 runs sampled)
 
  fastest is nanomatch (by 357% avg)
 

About

$ npm install && npm test

$ npm install -g verbose/verb#dev verb-generate-readme && verb

Related projects

You might also be interested in these projects:

• extglob: Extended glob support for JavaScript. Adds (almost) the expressive power of regular expressions to glob… more | homepage
• is-extglob: Returns true if a string has an extglob. | homepage
• is-glob: Returns true if the given string looks like a glob pattern or an extglob pattern… more | homepage
• micromatch: Glob matching for javascript/node.js. A drop-in replacement and faster alternative to minimatch and multimatch. | homepage

Contributors

Author

Jon Schlinkert

• linkedin/in/jonschlinkert
• github/jonschlinkert
• twitter/jonschlinkert

License

Copyright © 2018, Jon Schlinkert. Released under the MIT License.

This file was generated by verb-generate-readme, v0.6.0, on February 18, 2018.